TAR soubory

[Juraj Panko]

Ondrej Plachy writes :
> Jak, prosim, rozbalim soubory .tar.Z?

Pokial pracujete na systeme s OS UNIX. je postup nasledujuci:
xxxx.tar.Z
Pripona .Z prislucha suborom, ktore boli zkomprimovane programom compress
(standardtna sucast OS UNIX) a dekomprimuju sa prikazom uncompress (je
vhodne si precitat prikaz man compress)
Pripona .tar prislucha suborom "Tape Archive Record" - su to subory
vytvarane pre lepsiu manipulaciu s roznymi programovymi balikmi a zvysenie
prehladnosti dat ulozenych na paskach . Vzniknu pospajanim viacerych suborov
do jedneho, ktory moze, ak boli "tarovane" cele adresare obsahovat aj  ich
stromovu strukturu. Pouzivaju si pri zalohovani dat a na distribuciu
SW balikov. Vytvaraju sa a "rozbaluju" pomocou programu tar (odporucam
pouzit prikaz man tar)
Priklad:
majme subor ntalk.tar.Z
umiestnime si ho do samostatneho adresara (v tomto priklade do adresara "zmaz.e")
1. Dekomprimujeme subor ntalk.tar.Z  prikazom:
   >uncompress -v ntalk.tar.Z (prepinac -v Verbose vypisuje spravy o
					   cinnosti programu )
   ntalk.tar.Z:  -- replaced with ntalk.tar
   > ls -l
   total 96
   -rw-r--r--  1 panko       98304 Nov 28 16:56 ntalk.tar
   >
2. Pozrieme si obsah suboru ntalk.tar prikazom
   tar -tvf ntalk.tar	prepinac -t list Table vypise zoznam suborov
					 ulozenych v xxx.tar
 			prepinac -v Verbose vypise spravy o cinnosti p.
			prepinac -f File za tymto prepinacom nasleduje nazov
			suboru, ktory sa bude programom tar spracovavat
			( alebo nazov zariadenia, napriklad magnetickej pasky,
			 diskety a podobne )
   vystup bude nasledovny:
rwxr-xr-x100/11      0 May 16 01:18 1991 ntalk/
rw-r--r--100/11   1894 May 16 01:19 1991 ntalk/README
rwxr-xr-x100/11      0 May 16 01:25 1991 ntalk/ntalk/
rw-r--r--100/11   1465 May 16 00:55 1991 ntalk/ntalk/Makefile
rw-r--r--100/11   2548 Jun 30 05:22 1988 ntalk/ntalk/ctl.c
rw-r--r--100/11   2765 Jun 30 05:22 1988 ntalk/ntalk/ctl_transact.c
rw-r--r--100/11   4122 Jun 30 05:22 1988 ntalk/ntalk/display.c
rw-r--r--100/11   1958 Aug 26 03:11 1989 ntalk/ntalk/get_addrs.c
rw-r--r--100/11   2884 May 16 01:20 1991 ntalk/ntalk/get_names.c
rw-r--r--100/11   3268 Jun 30 05:22 1988 ntalk/ntalk/init_disp.c
rw-r--r--100/11   4655 Jun 30 05:22 1988 ntalk/ntalk/invite.c
rw-r--r--100/11   3260 Jun 30 05:22 1988 ntalk/ntalk/io.c
rw-r--r--100/11   2542 Jun 30 05:22 1988 ntalk/ntalk/look_up.c
rw-r--r--100/11   1687 Jun 30 05:22 1988 ntalk/ntalk/msgs.c
rw-r--r--100/11   1778 Sep 21 02:32 1988 ntalk/ntalk/talk.c
rw-r--r--100/11   1311 Sep 28 06:29 1988 ntalk/ntalk/talk.h
rw-r--r--100/11   1251 May 16 01:20 1991 ntalk/ntalk/talk_ctl.h
rw-r--r--100/11   2926 Sep 21 02:33 1988 ntalk/ntalk/talk.1
rw-r--r--100/11   1111 Aug 26 03:08 1989 ntalk/ntalk/tags
rwxr-xr-x100/11      0 May 16 01:23 1991 ntalk/ntalkd/
rw-r--r--100/11   1335 May 16 00:56 1991 ntalk/ntalkd/Makefile
rw-r--r--100/11   4955 May 16 01:21 1991 ntalk/ntalkd/announce.c
rw-r--r--100/11   2141 May 16 01:22 1991 ntalk/ntalkd/print.c
rw-r--r--100/11   4864 May 16 01:22 1991 ntalk/ntalkd/process.c
rw-r--r--100/11   5189 May 16 01:22 1991 ntalk/ntalkd/table.c
rw-r--r--100/11   2639 May 16 01:23 1991 ntalk/ntalkd/talkd.c
rw-r--r--100/11   1969 Sep 20 18:43 1988 ntalk/ntalkd/talkd.8
rw-r--r--100/11   4025 May 16 00:34 1991 ntalk/talkd.h

tento krok ( 2.) nie je nutny....

3. "rozbalime" subor ntalk.tar prikazom:
   tar -xvf ntalk.tar kde prepinac -x je eXtract
system "rozbali" subor, pricom "vyprodukuje" nasledujuce vypisy :
x ntalk/README, 1894 bytes, 4 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalk/Makefile, 1465 bytes, 3 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalk/ctl.c, 2548 bytes, 5 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalk/ctl_transact.c, 2765 bytes, 6 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalk/display.c, 4122 bytes, 9 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalk/get_addrs.c, 1958 bytes, 4 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalk/get_names.c, 2884 bytes, 6 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalk/init_disp.c, 3268 bytes, 7 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalk/invite.c, 4655 bytes, 10 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalk/io.c, 3260 bytes, 7 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalk/look_up.c, 2542 bytes, 5 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalk/msgs.c, 1687 bytes, 4 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalk/talk.c, 1778 bytes, 4 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalk/talk.h, 1311 bytes, 3 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalk/talk_ctl.h, 1251 bytes, 3 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalk/talk.1, 2926 bytes, 6 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalk/tags, 1111 bytes, 3 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalkd/Makefile, 1335 bytes, 3 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalkd/announce.c, 4955 bytes, 10 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalkd/print.c, 2141 bytes, 5 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalkd/process.c, 4864 bytes, 10 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalkd/table.c, 5189 bytes, 11 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalkd/talkd.c, 2639 bytes, 6 tape blocks
x ntalk/ntalkd/talkd.8, 1969 bytes, 4 tape blocks
x ntalk/talkd.h, 4025 bytes, 8 tape blocks

v adresari "zmaz.e" to potom vyzera nasledovne:
> ls -l
total 99
-rw-rw-rw-  1 panko        1245 Nov 28 17:05 buffer
drwxrwxrwx  4 panko         512 May 16  1991 ntalk
-rw-r--r--  1 panko       98304 Nov 28 16:56 ntalk.tar

alebo:
v stromovej strukture:

  |        +------->zmaz.e
  |                 +------- ntalk
  |                          |------- ntalk
  +                          +------- ntalkd

Samozrejme, vysledok moze byt jednoduchsi, v zavislosti co do suboru xxx.tar
"natlacili" :-)

AK pracujete v prostredi ineho OS (MS-DOS, OS/2 etc...) odporucam Vam
zadovazit si prostrednictvom FTP PublicDomain, alebo shareware verzie
tychto programov (kde su, Vam urcite poradie kolegovia, alebo si to mozete
zistit na adrese archie at sura.net, ( alebo iny archie server, najblizsie su
myslim v Rakusku na adresach: archie.edvz.uni-linz.ac.at
			      archie.univie.ac.at )
ak do listu zadate:
prog compress
prog tar
quit

	To je asi vsetko, ak ste niecomu nerozumeli, napiste zas
--
********************
Juraj Panko
Panko at ccsun.tuke.sk
Gespa at earn.cvut.cz
********************